What is Git & GitHub? – Basics & First Repo

🇯🇵 日本語版: 01_Start.md

This section introduces you to Git and GitHub and goes over setting up your first repository.

Overview

Git Basics
GitHub Basics
Hands-On Section to Create a Repository
Overview of Common Git Commands

Outline

What is Git \& GitHub? – Basics \& First Repo

What is Git?

Git is a software development tool that provides version control!
Started in 2005 as a tool to manage Linux kernel development
Free and open source distributed version control system

What is Version Control?

History ⌛

Record changes made over time

Teamwork 💪

Collaborate with developers who use other systems.

Backup 💾

Be able to restore to a specific version

A Save Point in a Game 📌

“Version control” is similar to how games save your progress.
You save your progress once your clear the level.
After that, even if you make a mistake in the next level, you do not restart the whole game.

Examples of Version Control

Google Docs	Kintone

What is GitHub?

GitHub is a co-development platform
A place where you can see and show code.
- Similar to Google Docs, GitHub allows multiple people to view & edit code at the same time.
- When you hear Remote repositories, think GitHub.
Founded in 2008, it is now a subsidiary of Microsoft.

GitHub Example - Apple

Apple has released a set of tools and resources for app developers such as password managers to help them generate strong passwords for free.

github.com/apple/password-manager-resources

[Apple publishes free resources to improve password security

ZDNet](https://www.zdnet.com/article/apple-publishes-free-resources-to-improve-password-security/)

Creating a Repository - Hands-on

Local Settings

Create a folder
Set the folder to be managed by Git

GitHub Settings

Create a “folder” like thing on GitHub
It is called a Repository

Connect the Local Folder with GitHub

Configure git so the local folder and GitHub are connected
Then when you create a file within the folder, it will appear on GitHub.

Create a Local Repository

図：git add のイメージ

⚠️ Verify that you went through the Prep Guide: Prep - 00_Prep_EN.md

⚡ Where to run the commands?

Mac: Use the Terminal
Windows: Use the Command Prompt

Go to a easily accessible folder (e.g., Documents) and create a folder named learning_git
```
 cd Documents
 mkdir learning_git
 cd learning_git
```

Use pwd command to verify the current location

 pwd

 /Users/YourUserName/Documents/learning_git

Initialize git with git init command

 git init

 Initialized empty Git repository in /Users/YourUserName/Documents/learning_git/.git/

⚡ Repo is short for Repository

Add a README.md File

図：ファイルを作成しているイメージ

Create a README.md file
```
 touch README.md
```

Describe the repo in the README.md file

 vi README.md

 # or

 code README.md

 # Learning JS Repo
 A repository for my JavaScript lectures and assignments.

⚡ README.md describes the software’s or the repo’s goals and purpose.

Confirm the Git Status

git status command

Shows the working directory and staging area
Untracked files: See which files are not being tracked by Git
Changes to be committed: See which files have changed

We can see that README.md file needs to be tracked by Git.

git status

On branch main
No commits yet
Untracked files:
    (use "git add <file>..." to include in what will be committed)
    README.md

nothing added to commit but untracked files present (use "git add" to track)

Translations Missing!!! —

Answers

1. How is Git & GitHub related? * GitHub is the __hub__ or the collection of everyone's Git * GitHub is a popular __remote repo__ option 1. Which do you start with, `git add` or `git commit`? * First, use `git add` to gather the individual changes * Then, use `git commit` to bundle the changes 1. What is the `git push` command? * Use `git push` to upload the __commit__ to the remote repo * Use `git fetch` to retrieve the latest version of the repo

Next Section

Create & Merge Branches - 02_Branches_EN.md

List of Lecture Guides

README_EN.md ⚙️